NOTE: Depending on your server configuration it can be necessary to change the examples for your situation. Always try to understand what it really does before you use it. Bad use would lead to deadloops and will hang the server.
The most example's can be used in the .htaccess file while other ones only in the Apache htppd.conf file.
RewriteCond
The RewriteCond directive defines a rule condition. Preserve a RewriteRule with one or more RewriteCond directives. The following rewriting rule is only used if its pattern matches the current state of the URI and if these additional conditions apply too.
You can set special flags for condition pattern by appending a third argument to the RewriteCond directive. Flags is a comma-separated list of the following flags:
[NC] (No Case)
This makes the condition pattern case insensitive, no difference between 'A-Z' and 'a-z'.
[OR] (OR next condition)
Used to combinate rule conditions with a OR.
RewriteRule
The RewriteRule directive is the real rewriting.
You can set special flags for condition pattern by appending a third argument to the RewriteCond directive. Flags is a comma-separated list of the following flags:
[R] (force Redirect)
Redirect the URL to a external redirection. Send the HTTP response, 302 (MOVED TEMPORARILY).
[F] (force URL to be Forbidden)
Forces the current URL to be forbidden. Send the HTTP response, 403 (FORBIDDEN).
[G] (force URL to be Gone)
Forces the current URL to be gone. Send the HTTP response, 410 (GONE).
[L] (last rule)
Forces the rewriting processing to stop here and don't apply any more rewriting rules.
[P] (force proxy)
This flag forces the current URL as a proxy request and put through the proxy module mod_proxy.
Regular expressions
Some hints about the syntax of regular expressions:
- Code: Select all
[b]Text:[/b]
. Any single character
[chars] One of chars
[^chars] None of chars
text1|text2 text1 or text2
[b]Quantifiers:[/b]
? 0 or 1 of the preceding text
* 0 or N of the preceding text (N > 0)
+ 1 or N of the preceding text (N > 1)
[b]Grouping:[/b]
(text) Grouping of text
[b]Anchors:[/b]
^ Start of line anchor
$ End of line anchor
[b]Escaping:[/b]
\ char escape that particular char
Condition pattern
There are some special variants of CondPatterns. Instead of real regular expression strings you can also use one of the following:
< Condition (is lower than Condition)
Treats the Condition as a string and compares it to String. True if String is lower than Condition.
> Condition (is greater than Condition)
Treats the Condition as a string and compares it to String. True if String is greater than CondPattern.
= Condition (is equal to Condition)
Treats the Condition as a string and compares it to String. True if String is equal to CondPattern.
-d (is directory)
Treats the String as a pathname and tests if it exists and is a directory.
-f (is regular file)
Treats the String as a pathname and tests if it exists and is a regular file.
-s (is regular file with size)
Treats the String as a pathname and tests if it exists and is a regular file with size greater than zero.
-l (is symbolic link)
Treats the String as a pathname and tests if it exists and is a symbolic link.
-F (is existing file via sub request)
Checks if String is a valid file and accessible via all the server's currently configured access controls for that path. Use it with care because it decreases your servers performance!
-U (is existing URL via sub request)
Checks if String is a valid URL and accessible via all the server's currently configured access controls for that path. Use it with care because it decreases your servers performance!
NOTE: You can prefix the pattern string with a '!' character (exclamation mark) to specify a non-matching pattern.
